9^th International Conference on Sports Medicine and Fitness November 15-16, 2023 Barcelona, Spain

Physical Education and physical activity is an essential part of a being healthy. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (PAG) recommends that adults get at least 2½ hours of moderately to vigorously intense physical activity each week. Academic sports and physical training: Physical training in young people High quality physical education can encourage young people to develop knowledge, understanding and skills across a range of physical education, sport and health – enhancing experiences.  Studies have shown that even women who are 90 years old and use a walker can benefit from light strength training and also beneficial for children.

Orthopedics Sports Medicine is a subspecialty of orthopedic medicine and sports medicine. Orthopedic sports medicine is the investigation, preservation, and restoration by medical, surgical, and rehabilitative means to all structures of the musculoskeletal system affected by athletic activity. Sports injuries are injuries that happen when playing sports or exercising and some are from of accidents. Others can result from poor training practices or improper gear. The most common sports injuries are Sprains, strains, Foot, Ankle, Hip and Knee, Shoulder & Neck injuries.

Physical therapy or physiotherapy aims at providing relief to patients suffering from bone and joint ailments by promoting mobility. Interventions used in physiotherapy involve both physical and mechanical modalities in combination with physical exercises. By carefully following scientifically proven techniques in a systematic order, the physiotherapist improves the mobility of the organs in living with physical ailments like polio, paralysis, pre and post orthopedic surgeries and fractures. Physiotherapy as a science is also deals with research, education, consultation and administration.

Occupational therapy (OT) is the use of assessment and intervention to develop, recover, or maintain the meaningful activities, or occupations, of individuals, groups, or communities. It is an allied health profession performed by occupational therapists. OTs often work with people with mental health problems, disabilities, injuries, or impairments.

Kinesiology is the science of human movement, applying the latest evidenced-based research to improve function, health and wellness of people in all settings and populations. Exercise science and kinesiology are two closely related fields of study, often used interchangeably with one another. These sciences are concerned with the human body and aspects of its movements. Exercise science focuses on the effects physical activity has on the human body. Common areas of study in kinesiology might include biomechanics, exercise physiology and motor control. Kinesiology majors use tools from molecular biology, neuroscience, engineering, medicine, and computer science to work on unique problems in a diverse array of settings. Kinesiologists are committed to enhancing quality of life through the promotion of physical activity and workplace health and safety, the prevention and management of injury, chronic disease and disability, and the overall improvement of health and performance.

Functioning of the body during exercise The body response to the exercise in such a way that there's the red face and the sweating, the pounding heart and pumping lungs, the boost to your alertness and mood, the previously non-existent urges to talk about nothing but splits and laps and PBs, Muscle Stretching Workshops. Role of hormones in muscular growth and fitness hormones play a vital role for the development of the body size shape and strength. Exercise physiology is the study of the acute responses and chronic adaptations to a wide range of physical exercise conditions. Kinetics during rest and exercise In addition, many exercise physiologists study the effect of exercise on pathology, kinetics during rest and exercise, and the mechanisms by which exercise can reduce or reverse disease progression.

Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism. It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism and excretion. The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods. For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness. In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Sports injuries are injuries that occur when engaging in sports or exercise. Sports injuries can occur due to overtraining, lack of conditioning, and improper form or technique. Bruises, strains, sprains, tears, and broken bones can result from sports injuries. Soft tissues like muscles, ligaments, tendons and fascia may be affected. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is another potential type of sports injury. Tissue injury may in fact be a more serious fracture, according to research published in the International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy.

The FDI World Dental Federation defines this subdivision of dentistry as "the branch of sports medicine dealing with prevention and treatment of dental injuries and oral diseases associated with sports and exercise." Injuries are, unfortunately, commonplace in sports. Sprained ankles, torn ligaments, concussions and broken bones are some of the most common and also the ones that first come to mind of athletes and fans. But an injury that affects an athlete's oral health can be just as serious. Tongue and cheek injuries are common too. Small chips and cracks in teeth can be repaired. Even a knocked out tooth can be salvaged by seeking immediate dental assistance. Two of the best means of protection against oral injuries are through the use of helmets and mouth guards.

Sports marketing are a growing division of the marketing field that focuses on the business of sports and the use of sports as a marketing tool. Sports marketing professionals enjoy a wide variety of employment opportunities, including positions with universities, corporations, media outlets, sporting equipment manufacturers, retailers and public relations agencies. Schools offering Education - Sports Management degrees can also be found in these popular choices.

Sport psychology means applying parts of psychology to sports and athletes. One of the main ways that sports psychologists use is to help athletes meet their goals. The group of people where this sports psychologists help are professional athletes. They can help non-professional athletes as well. Sports psychologists mainly focus on problems the athlete has on the field but they can also help athletes with problems that they have off the field. Sport psychology is an interdisciplinary science that draws on knowledge from many related fields including biomechanics, physiology, kinesiology and psychology. It involves the study of how psychological factors affect performance and how participation in sport and exercise affect psychological and physical factors.

Traditional Chinese Medicine is a method of healing and pain relief that has been used for over two thousand years. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines traditional medicine as "the sum total of the knowledge, skills, and practices based on the theories, beliefs, and experiences indigenous to different cultures, whether explicable or not, used in the maintenance of health as well as in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of physical and mental illness. Behind every loyal fan base is a team of savvy marketing strategists who understand the complex relationship between athletes and fans, brands and communities. The Sports Marketing & Media Bachelor of Science program is designed to provide a fundamental understanding of how marketing and content creation are integrated into the everyday operations of sports businesses.

Acupuncture has been medically proven to stimulate the release of serotonins and endorphins to aid pain relief and promote healing. Acupuncture increases local circulation to the injury site to speed healing and decrease swelling and bruising. Acupuncture is able to relax muscles and relieve spasms to relief pain and increase range of motion.

Physical Factors: Medical and illness related factors; Psychological Factors: Thought and mind related factors. External Factors: These are things largely beyond our control Muscular Strength and Endurance: Some sports, such as powerlifting, require a high level of muscular strength to produce a brief but powerful force. Others, such as marathon running, require incredible muscular endurance to sustain the strength to move your body for hours at a time. Confidence: Being confident in yourself, your teammates and your skills is vital for sports performance, so this may also one of the key factors that can affect your performance. Strategic Thinking: Many sports are just as much a mental game as they are a physical one, so strategic thinking is an important factor for success.

The term “doping” refers to the use of prohibited medications, drugs, or treatments by athletes with the intention of improving athletic performance. The practice of doping by athletes dates back centuries. However it has recently received increased attention due to a wide variety of potential performance enhancing drugs that are now available, and also due to prominent cases of doping by elite athletes that have been reported in the media.The idea of performance enhancement through drug therapies and diet can be traced back centuries to the time of the invention of sports. Individuals chosen to be athletes were fed specific diets and certain herbs and plants thought to improve physical power and performance. In 1904, doping was first noted at the Olympic Games in a runner who was injected with strychnine to assist with speed, and purportedly giving him the strength to finish the race.